ESA’s Juice skimmed 8,640 km above the Indian Ocean on 28 September. Earth’s gravity bent its path by 20° and added 3.5 km/s for almost no fuel. One more Earth flyby in January 2029, then Jupiter in 2031 and 35 passes of Ganymede, Europa and Callisto. Our take: this is how deep space is done on a budget, borrowing speed from planets instead of burning it.
8 640 kmclosest to Earth
+3,5 km/sspeed gained
20°course change